Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in western Africa that was called the Republic of Upper Volta until 1984, when it was renamed by its president, Thomas Sankara, who came to power following a coup (and was himself killed during another coup in 1987).
Burkina Faso Basics
- The country is bordered by Mail, Niger, Benin, Togo, Ghana and Ivory Coast, and covers 105,878 square miles, or 274,223 square kilometers.
- The nation’s capital is Ouagadougou, which is very fun to say. It’s also the largest city. About 22.5 million people live in Burkina Faso
- The Mossi is the largest ethnic group in the country, which originally settled in the area in the 11th and 13th centuries.
- The government recognizes 60 indigenous languages, as well as the four official languages, Mooré, Bissa, Dyula and Fula. French and English are considered “working” languages primarily used for government and business.
- Burkina Faso is a republic but it is run by a group of military leaders. The nation’s history has been marked by a series of coups and uprisings since its independence from France in 1960.
- The word Burkina comes from the Mooré language and means upright, while Faso is a Dioula word that means fatherland or father’s house. The CIA translates the name as land of honest men. People from Burkina Faso are called Burkinabé, a Fula word that means men or women.
- It ranked 65 out of 78 countries for food insecurity in 2013.
- In 2017 a 33-megawatt solar plant opened near Ouagadougou, which at the time was the largest solar power facility in West Africa.
Burkina Faso National Symbols
The flag of Burkina Faso is red at the top and green at the bottom, with a gold five-pointed star in the center. The colors are the Pan African colors, which shows unity with other nations in Africa. Red also symbolizes revolution, while green stands for the natural riches of the country. The star is said to represent the guiding light of revolution. It was adopted after the 1983 coup.
The national anthem is “Ditanye” or “L’Hymne de la vicroire” (anthem of victory) also sometimes called “Une Seule Nuit” or “One Single Night.” It was written by president Sankara, who was also a jazz guitarist.
White stallions are the national animal, and the shea tree is the national tree. We’ll get to the national dish below, but it is riz gras, or fat rice.
Burkina Faso Activities for Kids
You can find some activities and more information for kids to learn about Burkina Faso on Teachers Pay Teachers.
Try riz gris (sort of like a Spanish rice) with this recipe from Polka Dot Passport. Learn more about Burkinabé food and the popular drink with the fun name zoom koom, at 196 Flavors.
Learn more about shea butter and different ways to use it from Treehugger. You can even make your own shea butter lotion with this easy recipe from Live Simply.
Check out the stunning Ouagadougou Cathedral and the Monuments des Martyrs, two of the main landmarks in the country.
